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general description the MAX4063 is a differential-input microphone preampli- fier optimized for high-performance, portable applica- tions. the device features two selectable inputs, differential outputs, adjustable gain, an integrated low- noise bias source, and a low-power shutdown mode. two input paths provide both differential and single- ended microphone sensing. the high-noise rejection of the differential input is ideally suited to an internal micro- phone where system noise and long-run pc board traces can degrade low-level signals. the single-ended input provides a simple connection to an external microphone. the differential and single-ended inputs have indepen- dent, adjustable gains that are set with a single external resistor. differential outputs provide a full-scale signal of up to 6v p-p from a single 3v supply, optimizing the dynamic range of the amplified signal. a complete shut- down mode reduces the supply current to only 0.3? and disables the microphone bias for the ultimate in power savings. the MAX4063 operates from 2.4v to 5.5v and is specified over the extended -40? to +85? operating temperature range. the MAX4063 is available in both 16-pin tqfn (4mm x 4mm x 0.8mm) and 14-pin tssop packages. applications features 2.4v to 5.5v single-supply operation differential inputs and outputs adjustable gain high 95db psrr high 79db cmrr low-noise, integrated microphone bias 750 a supply current 0.3 a shutdown current 4kv esd protection (aux_in) thd+n: 0.05% at 1khz available in space-saving packages 14-pin tssop 16-pin tqfn (4mm x 4mm x 0.8mm) MAX4063 differential microphone preamplifier with internal bias and complete shutdown ________________________________________________________________ maxim integrated products 1 in- in+ bias 10 9 5 aux_in 12 shdn 3 6 v bias v cc 2.4v to 5.5v MAX4063 int/aux 2 out 8 out 4 adj 7 r g gnd 11 1 14 g1 g2 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 g1 n.c. aux_in gnd out shdn int/aux g2 MAX4063 in- in+ out adj v cc bias tssop + typical operating circuit ordering information 19-2753; rev 1; 6/11 for pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact maxim/dallas direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit maxim? website at www.maxim-ic.com. notebook audio systems tablet pcs pda audio systems signal conditioning part temp range pin-package MAX4063ete+ -40? to +85? 16 tqfn-ep* MAX4063eud+ -40? to +85? 14 tssop pin configurations pin configurations continued at end of data sheet. *ep = exposed pad. + denotes a lead(pb)-free/rohs-compliant package.
MAX4063 differential microphone preamplifier with internal bias and complete shutdown 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ absolute maximum ratings electrical characteristics (v cc = 3v, v gnd = 0v, v shdn = v cc, v int /aux = 0v, r g = 11.11k ? , r l = 100k ? to 1.5v, r bias = , v out is measured between out and out . t a = t min to t max , unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25?.) (notes 1 and 2) stresses beyond those listed under ?bsolute maximum ratings?may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress rating s only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specificatio ns is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. supply voltage (v cc to gnd). .................................-0.3v to +6v any other pin to gnd ................................-0.3v to (v cc + 0.3v) duration of short circuit to gnd or v cc ....................continuous continuous input current (any pin) ................................ ?0ma continuous power dissipation (t a = +70?) 14-pin tssop (derate 10.0mw/? above +70?) .....796.8mw 16-pin tqfn (derate 25.0mw/? above +70?) ........2000mw operating temperature range ...........................-40? to +85? storage temperature range .............................-65? to +150? lead temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300? soldering temperature (reflow) .......................................+260? parameter symbol conditions min typ max units supply voltage range v cc inferred from psrr test 2.4 5.5 v supply current i cc 0.75 1.1 ma output common-mode voltage v ocm 1.25 1.5 1.75 v slew rate sr a v = 20v/v 1 v/? supply current in shutdown i shdn v shdn = 0v 0.001 1 a to gnd 30 output short-circuit current i sc to v cc 30 ma differential input (v int /aux = 0v) input offset voltage v os t a = +25? 1mv common-mode input voltage range v cm inferred from cmrr test 1 2 v maximum differential input voltage v diffmax a v = 2v/v 1 v small-signal bandwidth bw -3db 600 khz input resistance r in either differential input 100 k ? input resistance match r match 1% a v = 20v/v, f = 1khz 70 input noise-voltage density e n a v = 200v/v, f = 1khz 12 nv/ hz rms output noise voltage v nrms a v = 20v/v, bw = 22hz to 22khz 225 ? rms total harmonic distortion plus noise thd+n a v = 20v/v, f = 1khz, v out = 0.7v rms , bw = 22hz to 22khz 0.05 % r g = open 2 r g = 11.11k ? 19.2 20 20.8 differential gain a vdiff 1v < v cm < 2v, v out = 0.7v rms r g = 1.01k ? 200 v/v common-mode rejection ratio cmrr v cm = 500mv p-p , f = 1khz 70 db t a = +25? 95 t a = t min - t max 85 power-supply rejection ratio psrr v cc = 5v 100mv, f = 1khz 86 db
MAX4063 differential microphone preamplifier with internal bias and complete shutdown _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 electrical characteristics (continued) (v cc = 3v, v gnd = 0v, v shdn = v cc, v int /aux = 0v, r g = 11.11k ? , r l = 100k ? to 1.5v, r bias = , v out is measured between out and out . t a = t min to t max , unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25?.) (notes 1 and 2) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units auxiliary input ( int /aux = v cc ) small-signal bandwidth bw -3db 230 khz input resistance r in 100 k ? input noise-voltage density e n f = 1khz 200 nv/ hz rms output noise voltage v nrms bw = 22hz to 22khz 620 ? rms total harmonic distortion plus noise thd+n f = 1khz, bw = 22hz to 22khz 0.007 % t a = +25? 80 100 power-supply rejection ratio psrr t a = t min - t max 72 db voltage gain a vaux v out = 0.7v rms -19.5 -20 -20.5 v/v bias output output voltage v out i bias = 0.5ma to gnd 2 2.2 v output resistance r out i bias = 0.5ma to gnd 16 30 ? output noise voltage v nrms i bias = 0.5ma to gnd, bw = 22hz to 22khz 20 ? rms i bias = 0.5ma to gnd, v cc = 2.4v to 5.5v 60 74 power-supply rejection ratio psrr i bias = 0.5ma, v cc = 3v + 100mv p-p , f = 1khz 71 db digital inputs ( shdn and int /aux) input leakage current i in v in = 0v or v cc 1a input voltage high v inh 0.7 ? v cc v input voltage low v inl 0.3 ? v cc v shutdown enable time t on 10 ? shutdown disable time t off 10 ? note 1: all specifications are 100% tested at t a = +25 c. specification limits over temperature (t a = t min to t max ) are guaranteed by design, not production tested. note 2: MAX4063 requires a 1? capacitor from bias to ground and a 10pf capacitor from adj to out.
MAX4063 differential microphone preamplifier with internal bias and complete shutdown 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ MAX4063 toc01 frequency (hz) gain (db) 100k 10k 1k 100 -6 -3 0 3 6 9 -9 10 1m gain vs. frequency (no load) v cc = 5v a v = 2v/v MAX4063 toc02 frequency (hz) psrr (db) 100k 10k 1k 100 -100 -120 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 -140 10 1m power-supply rejection ratio vs. frequency (diff input) a v = 200v/v a v = 20v/v supply current vs. temperature MAX4063 toc03 temperature ( c) supply current (ma) 80 65 50 35 20 5 -10 -25 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0 -40 v cc = 3v v cc = 5v no load supply current vs. supply voltage MAX4063 toc04 supply voltage (v) supply current (ma) 5.0 4.5 3.5 4.0 3.0 2.5 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0 2.0 5.5 no load shutdown supply current vs. temperature MAX4063 toc05 temperature ( c) shutdown supply current (na) 60 35 10 -15 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.001 -40 85 v oh vs. temperature MAX4063 toc06 temperature ( c) v oh (mv) 60 35 10 -15 10 100 1000 1 -40 85 i load = 2.5ma i load = 50 a v ol vs. temperature MAX4063 toc07 temperature ( c) v ol (mv) 60 35 10 -15 10 100 1000 1 -40 85 i load = 2.5ma i load = 50 a v oh vs. load current MAX4063 toc08 load current (ma) v oh (mv) 4 3 2 1 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 0 05 v oh = v cc - v out v cc = 3v v ol vs. load current MAX4063 toc09 load current (ma) v ol (mv) 4 3 2 1 05 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 0 v cc = 3v typical operating characteristics (v cc = 3v, a v = 20v/v, r l 100k ? to 1.5v, v shdn = v cc , v out is measured between out and out . t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX4063 differential microphone preamplifier with internal bias and complete shutdown _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 typical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = 3v, a v = 20v/v, r l 100k ? to 1.5v, v shdn = v cc , v out is measured between out and out . t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) 10 1k 100 10k 100k total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. frequency (diff input) MAX4063 toc10 frequency (hz) thd+n ( % ) 1 0.001 0.01 0.1 v out = 4.5v p-p 5v 3v 10 1k 100 10k 100k total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. frequency (aux input) MAX4063 toc11 frequency (hz) thd+n ( % ) 1 0.001 0.01 0.1 v out = 4.5v p-p 5v 3v 10 0.001 02 146 total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. output amplitude (diff input) 0.01 0.1 1 MAX4063 toc12 output voltage (v p-p ) thd+n ( % ) 35 bw = 22hz to 22khz f = 1khz f = 10khz 10 0.001 02 146 total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. output amplitude (diff input) 0.01 0.1 1 MAX4063 toc13 output voltage (v p-p ) thd+n ( % ) 35 bw = 22hz to 22khz v cc = 5v f = 1khz f = 10khz 10 0.001 02 146 total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. output amplitude (aux input) 0.01 0.1 1 MAX4063 toc14 output voltage (v p-p ) thd+n ( % ) 35 bw = 22hz to 22khz v cc = 5v f = 1khz f = 10khz 10 0.001 02 146 total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. output amplitude (aux input) 0.01 0.1 1 MAX4063 toc15 output voltage (v p-p ) thd+n ( % ) 35 bw = 22hz to 22khz v cc = 5v f = 1khz f = 10khz mic bias output noise MAX4063 toc17 100ms/div 20 v/div v cc = 5v bw = 22hz to 22khz small-signal transient response for diff input MAX4063 toc18 10 s/div diff input 5mv/div diff output 50mv/div MAX4063 toc16 frequency (hz) input-referred noise (nv/ hz) 10k 1k 100 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 0 10 100k input-referred noise vs. frequency (diff input)
MAX4063 differential microphone preamplifier with internal bias and complete shutdown 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ small-signal transient response for aux input MAX4063 toc19 10 s/div s/e input 5mv/div diff output 100mv/div large-signal transient response for diff input MAX4063 toc20 10 s/div diff input 100mv/div diff output 2v/div output overdriven MAX4063 toc22 10 s/div diff input 500mv/div diff output 2v/div large-signal transient response for aux input MAX4063 toc21 10 s/div s/e input 100mv/div diff output 2v/div typical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = 3v, a v = 20v/v, r l 100k ? to 1.5v, v shdn = v cc , v out is measured between out and out . t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX4063 differential microphone preamplifier with internal bias and complete shutdown _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 detailed description the MAX4063 is a differential microphone pre- amplifier providing high-quality amplification, optimized for use in computer and mobile applications. this device features adjustable gain, very high power-supply rejec- tion (95db), and common-mode rejection (79db), making it ideal for low-noise applications. the MAX4063 provides a differential input stage, making the device particularly effective when layout constraints force the microphone amplifier to be physically remote from the ecm micro- phone. the MAX4063 is capable of switching its output between the differential input and an inverting single- ended input. int /aux selects either the differential input or single-ended auxiliary input. in addition, the MAX4063 has an integrated microphone bias source, simplifying system design and eliminating the need for external components. the MAX4063 has a complemen- tary output allowing codecs and other devices with differential inputs to be optimally driven (see functional diagram ). the MAX4063 includes a 0.3? shutdown mode for ultimate power savings. the differential gain of the MAX4063 is set with a single resistor connected between the g1 and g2 pins. the MAX4063 has an internal default gain of 20v/v on the aux_in input. the aux_in gain can be increased with a single external resistor (see the differential-gain adjustment and auxiliary input-gain adjustment sections). differential input the main microphone amplifier is a low-noise, differen- tial input structure. this is an almost essential element when faced with amplification of low-amplitude analog signals in digitally intense environments such as note- pin tssop tqfn name function 115 g2 gain-selectable input. connect an external resistor between g1 and g2 to set the gain for the differential amplifier (see adjustable differential gain-setting section). 216 int /aux internal (differential) or auxiliary (single-ended) input select. drive int /aux low to select differential in or high to select auxiliary in. 31 shdn shutdown input. drive shdn high for normal operation. drive shdn low for shutdown mode. 4 2 out amplifier output. out is high impedance when in shutdown mode. 5 3 bias external electret microphone capsule bias output. bypass bias with a 1? capacitor to ground. 64v cc power supply. bypass the v cc to gnd with a 0.1? capacitor. 7 5 adj adjustable gain select for aux_in (see auxiliary input-gain adjustment section). connect a 10pf capacitor between out and adj. 87 out complementary amplifier output. out is high impedance in shutdown mode. 9 9 in+ noninverting differential amplifier input. ac-couple the audio signal into in+. 10 10 in- inverting differential amplifier input. ac-couple the audio signal into in-. 11 11 gnd ground 12 12 aux_in single-ended input for auxiliary microphone. ac-couple the audio signal into aux_in. 13 6, 8, 14 n.c. no connection. not internally connected. 14 13 g1 gain-selectable input. connect an external resistor between g1 and g2 to set the gain for the differential amplifier. ep exposed pad (tqfn only). internally connected to gnd. connect to a large ground plane to maximize thermal performance. not intended as an electrical connection point. pin description
MAX4063 differential microphone preamplifier with internal bias and complete shutdown 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ book pcs or pdas. used correctly, the advantages over a single-ended solution are: better power-supply noise rejection. less degradation from noise in pc board ground planes. the microphone and preamplifier may be placed physically further apart, easing pc board layout restrictions. differential-gain adjustment the MAX4063 allows the user to alter the differential gain to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio (snr) of their system. the gain is set by a single external resistor (r g ) connected between the g1 and g2 pins: where a v is the required voltage gain. hence, an 11.11k ? resistor yields a gain of 20v/v, or 26db. leaving the pins unconnected results in a gain of 2v/v. gain is defined as: for differential out: the resistor can be either fixed or variable, allowing the use of a digitally controlled potentiometer to alter the gain under software control. auxiliary input-gain adjustment the MAX4063 provides an option to increase the aux_in (see figure 3). to increase the gain, connect resistor r adj between the adj and aux_in pins. r adj is calculated from the following formula: r 2m av adj aux = ? ? 20 () to increase the gain a v v vd out out in+ in- = ? ? v v r 200k a g vd = ? ? 2 bias bias aux_in 12 in- in+ 10 9 6 v cc 2.4v to 5.5v MAX4063 2 int/aux 8 out out adj 4 7 gnd 11 shdn shdn v cc 3 bias 5 v bias g2 g1 1 14 r g functional diagram
MAX4063 differential microphone preamplifier with internal bias and complete shutdown _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 where: r adj is placed between aux_in and adj. input capacitors the two differential microphone inputs and the single- ended auxiliary input of the MAX4063 have on-chip bias components, allowing the user to ac-couple any signals into the input. the input resistance is 100k ? (typ), so the capacitor size may be chosen accordingly to define the lf rolloff desired. this can be calculated as: c in = 1 / (2 f cut r in ) this assumes a low source impedance is driving the inputs. a further consideration for the differential input is the effect of these series input capacitors on low-frequency, common-mode rejection. any m ismatch in the values of these two capacitors degrades the cmrr at frequen- cies where the impedance of the capacitor is significant compared to the input resistance of the amplifier?his is usually most noticeable at low frequencies. one way to avoid the need for matched or tight tolerance capaci- tors is to deliberately oversize the values on the differ- ential inputs and to set the lower 3db point (f cut ) of the amplifier by sizing the output capacitor appropriately. the input impedance matching on the differential input is typically 1%, allowing input capacitor matching to be effective at improving low-frequency psrr. common-mode rejection ratio the common-mode rejection ratio (cmrr) refers to the amount of rejection that the amplifier is capable of pro- viding to any signal applied equally to the in+ and in- inputs. in the case of amplifying low-level microphone signals in noisy digital environments, it is a key figure of merit. in audio circuits, this is generally measured for v in as an ac signal: cmrr(db) = a dm / a cm where a dm is the differential gain, a cm is the common- mode gain. input voltages should be sufficiently small such that the output is not clipped in either differential or common- av v v aux out out aux_in = ? v figure 1. MAX4063 with auxiliary input configuration adj 7 aux_in 12 5 in- in+ 10 9 6 v cc 2.4v to 5.5v MAX4063 2 int/aux 8 out out 4 gnd 11 shdn v bias shdn v cc 3 g2 g1 bias 1 14 r bias c bias 100k ?
MAX4063 differential microphone preamplifier with internal bias and complete shutdown 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ mode application. the topology used in the MAX4063 means that the cmrr actually improves at higher dif- ferential gains?nother advantage of using differential sensing. auxiliary input the auxiliary input is a single-ended input intended to be used with a jack-socket type microphone input (figure 1). internal dc-bias components (as on the main inputs) allow the input signal to be ac-coupled. mechanically switched jack sockets can be used in conjunction with the int /aux select pin, allowing the auxiliary microphone input to be automatically selected when a jack socket is inserted. microphone bias voltage on the MAX4063 thin qfn package, connect the exposed paddle (backside of prs) to the ground plane. the MAX4063 has an integrated low-noise, low- output impedance bias voltage. an optimum electret bias resistor can be set externally. this gives a low- noise, flexible solution that can run from 2.4v to 5.5v, which is suitable for hand-held devices such as pdas that typically have audio power supplies in the 3v region (figure 2). output dc bias in shutdown mode, the bias voltage is disabled. out and out have a low-noise, dc-bias voltage indepen- dent of the power supplies, resulting in superior psrr performance. the MAX4063 outputs are high imped- ance when the part is in shutdown mode. differential output the MAX4063 features a differential output stage (out and out ), allowing optimum performance when con- nected to adcs and codecs with differential inputs. this differential output is particularly useful in designs where the microphone preamplifier is mounted some distance away from the codec/adc, as the low-imped- ance, differential line provides excellent noise rejection and immunity (figure 4). applications information shutdown mode the MAX4063 features a low-power, complete shut- down mode. when shdn goes low, the supply current drops to 0.3?, the output enters a high-impedance state, and the bias current to the microphone is switched off. driving shdn high enables the amplifier. shdn should not be left unconnected. power supplies and layout the MAX4063 operates from a 2.4v to 5.5v single sup- ply. bypass the power supply with a 0.1? capacitor to ground. in systems where analog and digital grounds are available, the MAX4063 should be connected to the analog ground. in- in+ bias 10 9 5 3 aux_in microphone input 12 6 v bias shdn shdn v cc v cc 2.4v to 5.5v MAX4063 int/aux 2 out 8 out 4 adj 7 gnd 11 1 14 g1 g2 figure 2. MAX4063 used for biasing a microphone
MAX4063 differential microphone preamplifier with internal bias and complete shutdown ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 2.2k ? 2.2k ? aux_in 12 in- in+ 10 9 6 v cc v cc 2.4v to 5.5v MAX4063 int/aux 2 out 8 out 4 gnd 11 shdn shdn 3 g2 g1 1 f 0.1 f 0.1 f 1 f 1 14 r adj 10pf r g 11k ? bias 5 v bias 0.1 f adj 7 figure 3. MAX4063 used to bias a microphone connected to the auxiliary input and the differential input
MAX4063 differential microphone preamplifier with internal bias and complete shutdown 12 ______________________________________________________________________________________ aux_in 12 in- in+ 10 9 6 v cc v cc 2.4v to 5.5v MAX4063 int/aux 2 out 8 out 10pf 1 f 0.1 f 0.1 f adj 4 7 adc gnd 11 shdn shdn 3 g2 g1 1 14 bias 1k ? 11.1k ? 1k ? 1k ? 1k ? 5 2.2 f 2.2 f v bias v cc 1 f 1 f figure 4. using the MAX4063 with differential input/differential output configuration
MAX4063 differential microphone preamplifier with internal bias and complete shutdown ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 pin configurations (continued) simplified block diagram in- 1 2 3 4 12 11 10 shdn out bias aux_in v cc gnd in+ ep* *connect ep to gnd. 9 tqfn MAX4063 g1 n.c. g2 int/aux 5678 16 + 15 14 13 n.c. out n.c. adj top view in- in+ bias 10 9 5 3 aux_in 12 6 v bias shdn v cc 2.4v to 5.5v MAX4063 2 int/aux 8 out out 4 adj 7 gnd 11 1 14 g1 g2 shdn chip information process: bicmos package information for the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages . note that a ?? ?? or ??in the package code indicates rohs status only. package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of rohs status. package type package code outline no. land pattern no. 14 ssop u14+1 21-0066 90-0113 16 tqfn t1644+4 21-0139 90-0070
MAX4063 differential microphone preamplifier with internal bias and complete shutdown maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a maxim product. no circu it patent licenses are implied. maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 14 ____________________maxim integrated products, 120 san gabriel drive, sunnyvale, ca 94086 408-737-7600 2011 maxim integrated products maxim is a registered trademark of maxim integrated products, inc. revision history revision number revision date description pages changed 0 1/03 initial release 1 6/11 added ep information to pin description , updated power dissipation ratings, updated ordering information and pin configuration for lead-free parts 1, 2, 7, 13

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